Azamethiphos

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China

Azamethiphos

Common name: azamethiphos
IUPAC name: S-6-chloro-2, 3-dihydro-2-oxo-1, 3-oxazolo[ 4, 5-b] pyridin-3-ylmethyl O, O-dimethyl phosphorothioate; 6-chloro-3-dimethoxyphosphinoylthiomethyl-1, 3-oxazolo[ 4, 5-b] pyridin-2( 3H) -on e
Chemical Abstracts name: S-[ ( 6-chloro-2-oxooxazolo[ 4, 5-b] pyridin-3( 2H) -yl) methyl] O, O-dimethyl phosphorothioate
CAS RN: [ 35575-96-3]
EEC no.: 252-626-0

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Composition: Tech. is > 95% . Mol. wt.: 324.7; M.f.: C9H10ClN2O5PS; Form: Colourless crystals; ( tech. is a beige to grey powder) . M.p.: 89 º C. V.p.: 0.0049 mPa ( 20 º C) . KOW: logP = 1.05; Henry: 1.45x10-6 Pa m3 mol-1 ( calc.) S.g./ density: 1.60 ( 20 º C) . Solubility: In water 1.1 g/ l ( pH 7, 20 º C) . In dichloromethane 610, benzene 130, methanol 100, n-octanol 5.8 ( all in g/ kg, 20 º C) . Stability: Unstable in acids and alkalis; DT50 ( 20 º C) ( calc.) : 800 h ( pH 5) , 260 h ( pH 7) , 4.3 h ( pH 9) . F.p.: > 150 ° C ( Marcusson, without stirring) .

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry: Cholinesterase inhibitor.
Mode of action: Insecticide with contact and stomach action. Gives rapid knockdown, and has good residual activity.
Uses: Control of flies and other insect pests in animal houses. Control of mosquitoes, tsetse flies, cockroaches, and other public hygiene pests.
Formulation types: AE; WP.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral: Acute oral LD50 for rats 1180 mg/ kg.
Skin and eye: Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats > 2150 mg/ kg. Mild eye irritant; non-irritating to skin ( rabbits) .
Inhalation: LC50 ( 4 h) for rats > 560 mg/ m3 air.
NOEL: ( 90 d) for rats 20 mg/ kg diet ( 2 mg/ kg daily) , for dogs 10 mg/ kg diet ( 0.3 mg/ kg daily) .
ADI: 0.025 mg/ kg.
Toxicity class: WHO ( a.i.) III; EPA ( formulation) III

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds: Acute oral LD50 for bobwhite quail 30.2, mallard ducks 48.4 mg/ kg. Dietary LC50 ( 8 d) for bobwhite quail 860, Japanese quail > 1000, mallard ducks 700 ppm. Based on the results of acute laboratory trials, azamethiphos is classified as highly toxic to birds. However, sublethal doses have a repellent effect on birds, so the risk for birds is significantly reduced.
Fish: LC50 ( 96 h) for channel catfish 3, crucian carp 6, guppy 8, rainbow trout 0.115-0.2, sheepshead minnow 2.22 mg/ l. Based on the test with the most sensitive species, rainbow trout, azamethiphos is classified as highly toxic to fish. All other test species were less sensitive to this compound.
Daphnia: LC50 ( 48 h) 0.67 ug/ l.
Bees: Toxic to bees; LD50 ( 24 h) ( oral)

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