Specification :

Aquilaria genus consists of 22 species: A. ( Aquilaria) agallocha; A. apiculata; A. baillonii; A. banaensis; A. beccariana; A. brachyantha; A. citrinicarpa; A. crassna; A. cumingiana; A. filaria; A.grandiflora; A. hirta; A. malaccensis; A. microcarpa; A. ophispermum; A. parvifolia; A. pentandra; A. rostrata; A. sinensis; A. subintegra; A. urdanetensis; A. yunnanensis. Of the 22 species, which can be infected with mold, Phialophora parasitica there are only eight species, namely: A. agallocha; A. crassna; A. grandiflora; A. malaccensis; A. ophispermum; A. pentandra; A. sinensis; and Aquilaria yunnanensis. Of the eight species, the most potential to produce agarwood is A. malaccensis and A. agallocha.

Aloes are now on the market, it all comes from poaching from the forest. Eaglewood seekers, sometimes not distinguish, where the existing timber gubalnya, and what does not. Until all the levels found in Aquilaria trees will be felled. As a result, Aquilaria wood population continues to erode and increasingly rare. In the meeting of the 13th Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora ( CITES CoP 13) in Bangkok, Thailand, 2 to 14 October 2004, the genus Aquilaria have been included in Appendix II. Until taking aloe from nature, actually banned. But because of the high value of agarwood, the search continues aloes from the forest without being able to be prevented.

The genus Aquilaria is a tree with a height of 20 m and diameter 60 cm, which grows in wet tropical rainforest, ranging from altitude 0 to 1000 m. asl. Aquilaria can live on various types of soil. Starting from the soil humus, sand, clay, calcareous, until rocky. Eaglewood including drought resistant plants, and also survive in the shade. Young plant, it requires a lot of water, and shelter. Aquilaria usually grown under canopy palms or ferns. Aquilaria breeding from seed. Aquilaria fruit in the form of a hard pod, with a length between 2.5 sd. 3 cm. Seeds easily dikecambahkan in a damp and warm, but sheltered from the hot sun.

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In optimum conditions, Aquilaria tree will be able to grow very rapidly. The definition of optimum conditions is, air temperature, humidity, sunlight, water and elements haranya enough. Although Aquilaria survival in various kinds of soil, but he will grow optimally in the fertile humus soil, the topsoil is thick enough. Not all that grows in the forest Aquilaria merupakah gaharu producer. Aloe products, new will happen, if Aquilaria wood infected by the fungus Phialophora parasitica. Plants that are not infected with mold Aquilaria Phialophora parasitica, will only become common wood that has no fragrance. Unlike sandalwood ( Sandal Wood, Santalum album) , whose wood is already fragrant.

To defend themselves, who are already infected plant Aquilaria Phialophora parasitica fungus will produce sap resin ( java: blendok) . These resins will clot and form a pig. Cambium formation process took place very slowly. Can be tens or even hundreds of years. Resin and sections of infected wood is what will produce fragrant aroma that is second to none in the world. Agarwood aroma is so typical to almost impossible disintetis. Manufacture of synthetic aloes, the result will be more expensive compared with natural aloe. Cambium formation process lasts very long, is also one cause of the high aloe products.